When photographing objects, the object is usually the star of the photo, but the background can be the unsung hero. Depending on its color, texture, brightness and distance from the subject, the background can dramatically change the impact of the photo.
Deliberately selecting a background can improve your photos by creating a more polished look, reducing distractions and making a series of photos appear consistent.
Why the Background Is Important
The background defines the space around an object. It can isolate the subject from its surroundings, set the mood or give the subject contrast.
Conversely, a bad background can ruin a photo. Cluttered areas, unwanted objects and conflicting colors can take attention away from the main subject.
Think About What the Photo Needs to Communicate
Before you select a background, think about the message the photo needs to convey.
Product Photos
With product photos, simple backgrounds are often the best choice, since they help draw attention to the product.
A neutral-colored surface creates a clean, crisp look and works well if you need several images to look the same.
Editorial / Creative Photos
A creative approach allows for more experimentation. A textured surface, a brightly colored background or a carefully chosen location can contribute to the image.
As always, the background should enhance the object without becoming the dominant feature.
Consider the Background Color
The background color determines the degree to which the subject stands out from its surroundings.
Similar Color
When the background color is similar to the subject, it can give the photo a muted, elegant appearance. However, details may be lost.
Contrasting Color
A background color that contrasts strongly with the subject will make the subject stand out and its outline clearer.
But a high level of contrast isn’t always desirable. Choose a background that matches the tone and character you want to convey.
Think About the Texture
Textures can add richness and interest to a photo, but excessive texture can distract from the subject.
A rustic wooden surface can look great with a handcrafted object, but a smooth, matte background may be better suited to a sleek consumer product.
Consider whether the texture enhances the object or just makes the photo more complicated.
Adjust the Distance
The distance between the subject and the background can affect the visibility of the background and the appearance of shadows.
Increasing the distance can make the background appear more blurred and less intrusive.
It can also change the appearance of shadows cast by the subject.
Look Out for Visible Edges
Straight lines on a background can interfere with the edges of the subject.
Corners, seams, shelf edges and prominent vertical or horizontal lines can appear to bisect the subject.
Rather than looking at the subject, look at the entire frame before taking a photo.
Treat the Background as a Design Element
You don’t need a blank canvas. The background can provide context and add interest to the photo.
A ceramic vase may look good on a rough stone surface, while a modern gadget might fit in with a sleek, minimalist background.
Just remember to be purposeful about it.
Keep It Consistent
If you’re shooting a series of photos, use a similar-looking background.
A consistent background surface, color, lighting and viewpoint will tie together the photos.
But Let the Subject Take the Lead
The ideal background isn’t the one that’s the most interesting. It’s the one that best shows off the object.
Play around with different colors, textures, distances and compositions, but always ask yourself: Is this background helping the subject look its best?
If the answer is yes, then the background is working well.